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Bacteria : Microscopic organisms, various species of which are concerned in fermentation
and spoilage of foods.

Bake : To cook or roast by dry heat in a closed place such as an oven.

Baking powder : A chemical leavening agent composed of soda dry acid, and corn starch (to
absorb moisture); when wet and heated carbon dioxide is given off to raise the batter during
baking.

Bars : Sweet biscuits made in oblong or rectangular shape.

Batter : A homogeneous mixture of ingredients with liquid to make a mass that is of soft
plastic character.

Bench Tolerance : The property of dough to ferment at a rate slow enough to prevent over
fermentation while dough is being made-up into units on the bench.

Blending : A mixture of several ingredients of grades of many ingredients.

Boil : To bubble, emitting vapour, when heat is applied. Boiling temperature for water is 212
OF or 100OC at sea level.

Boiled Icing : An icing made by boiling sugar and water to thread state (238O F or 115OC)
then slowly adding it to beaten egg whites with additional beating.

Bolting : sifting of ground grain to remove the bran and course particles.

Bowl Knife : A spatula or flexible dull edged knife used for scraping batter or dough from
bowl sides

Bran : Skin or outer covering of the wheat berry.

Bread : The accepted term for baked foods made of flour, sugar, shortening, salad and liquid,
and leavened by the action of yeast.

Bread dough : The unbaked mass of ingredients used for making bread.

Bread Faults : Deviations from standards of perfection, used to determine wrong factors in
the process of production of bread.

Buns : Small shapes of bread dough, sometimes slightly sweetened or flavoured.


Butter : Fat obtained by churning sweet or sour cream.

Buttercream Frosting : Rich, uncooked frosting containing powdered, sugar, butter and/or
other shortening and whipped to a plastic condition.

Butter Sponge : Cake made from sponge cake batter to which shortening has been added.

Butter Scotch : A flavour produced by the use of butter and brown sugar.